Chapter 10 Flashcards: Evolution and natural selection
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physical or chemical agents that can cause mutations
mutagens
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a random change in allele frequencies of a population
genetic drift
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when an allele frequency reaches 100% in a population and no further genetic drift is possible
genetic fixation
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small population size may lead to reduced genetic diversity by genetic drift
bottleneck
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the movement of alleles between populations
gene flow
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a trait that enables the organism to leave offspring by natural selection
reproductive fitness
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inherited traits of an organism that enhance its survival and reproduction in its environment
adaptation
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descendants of a common ancestor are usually found geographically close together
biogeography
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a useless anatomical feature inherited from an ancestor
vestigial
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structures of related species that are similar because of common ancestry
homologous structures
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evolution of superficially similar structures due to parallel adaptations to similar environments
convergent evolution
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parallel adaptations to similar environments can yield these anatomical structures that are results of convergent evolution
analogous structures
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dating a common ancestor among related species based on accumulation of mutations
molecular clock
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Peter Chen