Bio1100 Chapter 17 Chap 16   Ecosystems, communities, and species interactions   Chap 18
  1. Ecology   is the study of interactions of living organisms with one another (community) and their physical environment (ecosystem).



     
  2. Ecosystems that occupy large areas are called biomes   .
     


     
  3. Energy flows   in one direction through trophic   levels of an ecosystem, forming a complex food web  .









     
  4. Unlike energy, the physical components of ecosystems are reused in chemical cycles  .