Bio1100
Chapter 38
Human Influences on the Living World
Human activity can upset the balance of ecosystems, leading to the decline of many
species
.
Extinction is a fact of life; the current rate of the loss of species is accelerating, largely due to
human
activity
to three main factors.
Chemical
pollution can have devastating effects on animals high on the food
chain
due to biological
magnification
.
Atmospheric pollution includes
chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs), which can deplete the
ozone
layer
.
The burning of fossil fuels releases
carbon
dioxide into the atmosphere, leading to global
warming
due to the
greenhouse
effect
.
Burning of coal releases
sulfur
into the atmosphere, causing
acid
precipitation
.
Alternative sources of energy include
nuclear
power
, solar and wind
energy
, and
biomass
fuels such as
ethanol
.
The root of environmental problems is the rapid growth of the
human
population
.
Future population growth rates can be assessed by a
population
pyramid
.
The impact of human activity on the environment can be estimated by the
ecological
footprint
.
Preserving biodiversity is the goal of many
conservation
efforts
.
There are environmental success stories, where one or a few
individuals
made a
difference
.