"If you are not part of the solution, you are part of the precipitate." - Anon.

Supplementary videos

Plasma membrane: fluid mosaic model
Pancreas, glucose, and liver: role of insulin receptors in type II diabetes; insulin resistance
Insulin resistance: insulin binds to receptors, but signal cascade fails
Action of epinephrine (adrenaline): role of beta-adrenergic receptors, diffusion, ATP (and GTP), glycogen, glucose
Cholesterol in our blood: VLDL, LDL, and Lp(a)
Mitochondrial DNA: tracing human ancestry
Chloroplasts in Elodea: streaming with myosin and actin motor proteins
Cytoskeleton diversity: microtubules
Cell crawling by actin cytoskeleton: neutrophil on the chase
Cell crawling by actin cytoskeleton: fibroblasts crawling over epithelial cells
Organelle movement along microtubule: kinesin walking, powered by ADP/ATP
Your kidney at work: osmosis, diffusion, active transport in a nephron
Freshwater fish: need to urinate!
Can we drink seawater?
Reverse osmosis: desalinating seawater in Australia
Sodium Potassium Pump: active transport using ATP
Fusion of vesicle with membrane: endocytosis with help of membrane proteins
Amoeba eats two paramecia: by endocytosis
How a flu virus invades your body: by binding to membrane proteins
Endocytosis of LDL Cholesterol: to make new membranes, via vesicles, endosomes, and lysosomes

Extra credit readings

• What's that stuff? soap bubbles Chemical & Engineering News 4/28/03
• Mitochondrial Inheritance Genetic Drift Winter/94
• 'Mitochondrial Eve': Mother of All Humans Lived 200,000 Years Ago ScienceDaily 8/17/10
• Reverse Osmosis Moves Forward. Environmental Health Perspectives Jan 2005
• Marathon Runners: Beware Of Drinking Too Much Water ScienceDaily 1/11/08
• What causes alewives to die off in great numbers? University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute 2013

Additional material

• How many cells do you have?
• Cholesterol in our food and in our blood